Instructions for painting furniture, useful tips

0
26444

Painting will change the appearance of furniture and transform the interior. Old cabinets, tables, chests of drawers or bedside tables can be restored in this way. Even beginners can cope with painting. But how to paint furniture correctly? It is worth carefully familiarizing yourself with the features of the work, the necessary materials and tools.

Tools and materials

How to paint furniture to get a quality product that will last for many years? The process is quite serious and has some peculiarities. The production uses special painting equipment. You can purchase it or make it yourself. In the latter case, you will need diagrams and drawings for the paint booth.

If you are painting furniture yourself, you need to understand what types of paints there are and how they interact with different materials. Tools and materials needed for painting furniture:

• putty knife;
• sandpaper, a piece of whetstone (grinder or other alternatives);
• dye;
• varnish;
• brushes or roller;
• masking tape;
• putty;
• primer.

In addition, you will need the product itself and protective equipment: gloves, clothing and glasses. To apply paint in an even layer, you can use a spray gun or spray gun. Such tools are mainly used when the surface area to be painted is very large. They will help speed up the process and save time and effort. For small products or their parts, it is recommended to use brushes or a roller. The paint is applied in one direction. One layer is often not enough, so the work is repeated 1-2 more times. The second and subsequent layers can be applied only if the previous layer has dried well.

Thing

Massif are true masters of their craft. They're known for their engraved cutting boards and tool chests, but they also make real furniture that's practical and stylish. Especially for our experiment, the craftsmen created a plywood bedside table in a retro style, modeled on a bedside table from Atkin and Thyme. It was perfect for the master class: small enough to not spend a lot of time and paint on it, and complex enough to try several colors and techniques on it.

Preparatory stage

To paint furniture yourself, it is recommended to do it in a separate room. The process may take several days, so it is better to have the furniture in another room. In this way, it will be possible to protect your home from dust. It is also recommended to wear safety glasses, gloves and a gown while working.

To prepare the furniture you will need:

• wood putty;
• sandpaper;
• rubber spatula;
• acrylic primer;
• brush (roller).

Furniture surface preparation is as follows:

• the product is disassembled;
• remove paint and varnish;
• primed, puttied.

The first step is to replace or repair all mechanisms. To do this, the furniture is disassembled into individual elements, handles and hanging parts are removed. Disassembly of interior items is also necessary in order to paint all elements evenly and completely. It is impossible to do this while the furniture is assembled. When the restoration of the mechanisms is completed, you can begin preparing the surface for painting.

If it is impossible to disassemble and remove decorative elements and fittings, masking tape will help protect them from paint. On products with drawings and pictures, all decorating elements are also sealed with tape, and after painting the furniture, they are carefully removed.

Disassembling furniture before painting

Old paint must first be removed

Primer of wooden furniture

putty

We paint

“We start painting small furniture upside down, so as not to peel off the freshly painted tabletop,” Dasha shares her secrets. In fact, in large productions the bottom is not painted at all, but you can and should make a thing perfect for yourself.

Plywood has a special feature - a “waffle” end. Its recognizable pattern can become the highlight of the item, but more often it is covered with a special edge or primed and painted over. Dasha decided to take the second route, but with one difference: her paints adhered so tightly that we did without primer. In general, it is not at all necessary to prime natural wood: according to Dasha’s observations, it is on it that the paint looks richest and best.

Advice.

When painting furniture, make long strokes with the brush, stretching the paint. When you reach the edge of the object, turn the brush over so that you work with the same side.

Cleaning and priming

Furniture must be cleaned of old layers of varnish and paint. To remove old layers at home, you will need coarse-grain sandpaper. It is used to sand the surface of interior items. The process is quite difficult; a grinding machine can make it easier. If you don’t have one, you can wrap sandpaper around the block and then run it over the entire surface of the product.

In addition, you can remove old paint using other tools, including:

• construction hair dryer - the tool heats up old paint. When exposed to hot air, it is quickly cleaned with a spatula;
• wash - you can buy products in automobile stores. The remover is applied to the surface. After a while the paint will begin to bubble. Now it can be easily removed with a spatula. When working with this product, you must use protective equipment;
• grinder with a metal brush. With such a tool you need to carefully pass through all elements without touching the wood.

Construction hair dryer

Old paint from furniture can be removed with a special remover.

After cleaning the products with any tool, it is necessary to sand the parts. Particular attention should be paid to the end parts and decorative elements. Then less harsh processing will be needed, so fine-grained sandpaper is used over all parts. When the work is finished, remove the dust with a vacuum cleaner. This way, dust won't fly all over the room.

Priming the furniture is an important step in the preparation process. A special solution is applied to the surface, which ensures uniform distribution of paint, as well as better adhesion to the surface.

• furniture is coated with an acrylic-based primer;
• leave for some time until dry;
• After this, the surface is degreased with vodka or alcohol.

It is better to select a primer that is similar in color to the future paint. Thus, the layer will be more even, and it will also be possible to save on dyes.

You can cover up and paint over scratches on furniture using putty. A small amount of product is distributed over the surface of the product with a rubberized spatula. If the defects are still visible, you can go over the putty again.

Priming wood before painting saves paint

Types of paints

The finish for repainting furniture should be safe, practical and beautiful. The material can completely transform facades or add new notes to the existing design. There are 6 types that are used for interior items.

Silicone water emulsion

Paint is made from a color mixture based on water, polymers and dyes. Emulsion particles are dissolved in liquid. After application to the surface, the moisture evaporates, but the pigments with the fixer remain. Finishes containing silicone penetrate well into the upper layers of wood.

Long-lasting paint does not crack or peel, and the color does not fade. The material perfectly allows oxygen to pass through, so painted facades do not swell (do not “bubble”). The resin-based pigment “breathes” but does not absorb moisture. After application, the components dry quickly. Antibacterial additives are often added to the composition to protect the wood from rot and mold.

Silicone paint Source berkem.ru

Silicone water-based emulsion masks minor mechanical damage (up to 2 mm), so the finish is used without sanding or putty. Due to the antistatic properties of the material, dust does not accumulate on painted facades. The raw materials do not have a sharp, chemical smell, which allows them to be used in children's rooms. The only disadvantage of enamel is the high price.

Acrylic

Furniture paint combines the best properties of water-soluble and oil-based types. There are no toxic components in the composition, so the material does not stink and is safe for use indoors. Due to the high level of adhesion to the surface, it fits perfectly. To obtain uniform coloring, 2 layers are sufficient. Drying period – 2-3 hours.

Material option for furniture Source vmirekraski.ru

After the paint has hardened, a thin protective coating appears on the furniture, resistant to mechanical damage and aggressive environmental influences. Due to the absence of flammable components in the composition, the raw material is highly fire resistant. To obtain a uniform layer, the facades are primed before application and cracks are puttied.

Acrylic paint Source kraskidlyamebeli.ru

The elasticity of acrylic protects the surface from cracking and preserves the original appearance of the furniture. The paint is tinted, giving the material the desired color. The compositions are matte and glossy. The facades are easy to care for and can be sanded and repainted. To reduce the thickness of the enamel, use water rather than chemical solvents.

Latex

Practical and easy to use, furniture paint is a water-soluble type. The liquid makes the composition viscous, which makes it easier to apply to the surface. Latex penetrates the upper layers of wood, creating a protective film that protects against moisture. High air permeability will preserve the structure of the facades in their original form. The material is afraid of the cold, so interior items are placed only indoors.

Waterproof coating Source berkem.ru

Cretaceous

Professional compositions allow you to work with surfaces of any neglect. With the help of chalk paints for furniture, it is possible to create a perfectly even matte layer on the facades. To obtain a glossy shine, a finishing (wax) coating is applied on top. The material dries quickly and is suitable for wood, metal and plastic. The only negative is the high price.

Option for old furniture Source livemaster.ru

Painting

How to paint furniture? The first step is to decide what kind of paint you will need to paint the furniture. Its appearance depends on the material from which chests of drawers, cabinets, and tables are made. It is recommended to use the following types of paints:

• acrylic paints are the most popular for painting furniture. They have many advantages: they dry quickly, are easy to apply, and, unlike other types, are considered more stable. The paint is diluted with water, which significantly saves material. Acrylic paint has a less pronounced odor and ventilates faster. Apply it with a roller or brush;
• Another commonly used type is spray paint. It applies very quickly. The spray can distributes the paint evenly;
• Depending on whether the surface should be glossy or matte, different paints are chosen. For glossy products you will need enamel varnish paint, and for matte surfaces you will need oil paint;
• many people like the natural grain of wood. To preserve it, the products are coated with transparent paint. Construction stores sell various paint materials for these purposes. They can be mixed with each other and get the desired shade.

Soak in oil

As mentioned above, we decided to soak one of the boxes with colored oil. In principle, you can use absolutely anything, even edible olive oil and linseed oil, but it will take a very long time to dry, so it’s better to go to a hardware store and buy special oil for wood there. It should be applied with a sponge or lint-free cloth, rubbing in a circular motion. “You can spread it with a brush, but after that you still need to rub it in with a natural cloth: the brush simply spreads the oil over the surface and leaves a mark,” advises Dasha.

Advice.

It is enough to put the oil in one layer, but if you want to make the color more intense, add a couple.

Is varnish necessary?

Varnish is used not only to give furniture a spectacular look. It creates a more durable surface. The varnish will help protect interior items from dirt, moisture and pests. Varnish can be:

• alcohol - used for restoration of antique interior items;
• acrylic is the most convenient type of varnish. It appeared not so long ago, but has already become popular. Does not have a pungent odor, suitable for exterior and interior use. Acrylic varnish is diluted with water. Its properties are similar to alkyd varnish, but acrylic varnish is much more economical;
• alkyd - it is diluted with a solvent. The surface coated with alkyd varnish has a film that is resistant to abrasion;
• nitrocellulose;
• oil is the most economical option. Oil varnishes are used to paint the floor. They used to be very popular. The varnish is diluted with drying oil, it takes a long time to dry;
• polyurethane - this type of varnish is used to treat ship parts, which indicates its increased wear resistance. A protective, quick-drying film appears on wood treated with polyurethane varnish, so the furniture will be painted in the shortest possible time.

Acrylic

Alkyd

Nitrocellulose

Polyurethane

Alcoholic

How to paint furniture with acrylic paint correctly

Remember an important rule: before starting work, always apply new paint to a test surface, because... Paints from different manufacturers may differ in color, even if the color name is the same.

As a rule, there are no difficulties with choosing paint of ordinary colors, but how to paint old furniture in the color of gold, silver, tin, bronze, copper or get various imitations of these colors?

To do this, you need to purchase metallic acrylic. This acrylic paint reproduces all these colors. It is necessary to obtain various imitations when painting and decorating objects and furniture elements.

To get started, purchase a selection of metallics in various shades of gold and silver. If such a set is not found, buy acrylic paint separately - light gold with any name. For light silver, buy metallic No. 806. Gold has many names, as well as shades; you will need to purchase both warm and cold tones.

Sometimes the promised paint color indicated on the tube or in the samples may not match the contents of the package. Therefore, it would be right to buy paints where you can check or see the color.

Choosing gold acrylic paint for decoration is not difficult, but choosing silver and bronze is a problem. Silver is mostly offered in dark gray, dull shades, while bronze is often copper-colored. Take advantage of the offers of Italian manufacturers.

The nuances of painting taking into account the material

When the primer is dry, you can paint the furniture. When choosing one color, no questions should arise. What to do if you need to paint furniture with your own hands in two colors, for example, black and white.

Wardrobes, chests of drawers, bedside tables are made from different materials. Painting the surface and decorating a wooden furniture wall is as easy as shelling pears. But sometimes questions arise about how to paint veneered furniture, plastic products, chipboard, plywood, and laminated chipboard furniture.

Chipboard is prepared in the same way as wood. The paint is applied several times. In this way, the rough surface can be hidden under layers of paint. Water-based paints are suitable for plastic furniture. Paint brushes should be of good quality; you should not skimp on them to avoid overpainting. Otherwise, the surface of the furniture will be covered with fallen hairs from a low-quality brush.

How to paint furniture from light to dark at home? In principle, the sequence of actions is the same as in other cases. The surface is cleaned, sanded and degreased. Professionals advise choosing a primer color close to the color in which the furniture will be painted. Next they move on to coloring. The paint is applied in 2-3 layers until the product acquires the desired shade, so the furniture will be painted with high quality.

Color

If you decide to repaint an item, the first thing it is important to think about is the color. If there is only one shade, most likely there will be no problems. But if you want something brighter, but you’re not confident in your own coloristic talents?

“Use ready-made color schemes and palettes. There are plenty of them online, but you can also turn to professionals, for example, the Pantone Institute presents current colors and combinations every year and every season, advises Daria Geiler. — If you want something bright, look at the birds or flowers. Just be careful: the plumage of a parrot, for example, combines not just red, yellow and green, but very specific shades. Personally, I love looking at the city. Today I walked past a building on Sretenka - pink, with light stucco, blue windows... You can just walk along the streets, admire the doors, the houses and study.”